Improved apparatus fob depurating- liquids



YATENTED JULY 13, 1869.

W. NHEDHAM & J.,KITE.v APPARATUS EOE DEPURATING LIQUIDS.

5 SHEETS-SHEET magmv A PATENTED JULY 13, 1869.

w, NEEDHAM .& J. KITE. APPARATUS FOR DEPURATING LIQUIDS.

5 SHEBTFSHEET 2.

amzM 1 MZMZ I No. 92,465. PATENTED JULY 13, 1869.

W. NEEDHAM & J. KITE. APPARATUS FOR DEPURATING LIQUIDS.

5 SHEEISSHEET 3.

No. 92,465. 1 PATENTED JULY 13, 1869.

W. NEFBDHAMAL J.,KITE.

- APPARATUS FOR DEP URATING LIQUIDS. X

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4,,

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W. NEEDHAM .61: J. KITE. APPARATUS FOR DEPURATING LIQUIDS.

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unwritten-rm. 92,465, dated July 13, 1869.

nur novsn APPARATUS FOR DEPURATING LIQUIDS.

V The Schedule referred to these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom. it may concern Be it known that we,.W1LLrAM NEEDHAM and JAMES KITE, both of Vauxhalhin the county of Surrey, in the Kingdomof England, engineers, have invented Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Depurating Fluids; and wedo hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being bad to the accompanying drawingls, and-to the letteis of reference marked thereon.

.e objectofour invention is the employment of "papi' asafilt'eriug-medium, under high pressure, and it willbe seen that all the improvements in machinery,

or apparatus for depurating fluids, hereinafter. set forth and described,- concur to this end.

To compass our object, the first requirement was a perfectly even surface'on both sides of the. supply-Y chambers of the filtering-"press, or depurating-apparatus,-and this we have obtained by the use of perforated plates or diaphragms, etequator ot'grea-tcr lengthand breadth or diameter-than the frames forming the supply anddischarge-chambers, so that when the press is put together ready for operating, these diaphragms are simply nipped between, and are not recessed in,-

orin any way fixed to these frames.

' Bythis arrangement of the diaphragms we have got rid of all the recesses and irregularities of surface which, in the various apparatus hitherto constructed, render the application of paper, as a-filteri'ng-medium, im practicable, but this arrangement would not, of itself, entirely secure the paper against breakage, as it would be liable to break under pressure against the edges of those perforations in the diaphragms by whichthe' depurated fluid enters the discharge-chamber after filtering through the paper, and thus givepassagc to unfiltered fluid.

We overcome this diflic ulty byinterposjng a textile fibric, 'aniordinary'filter'ingcloth, for example, between the-paper and the perforated diaphragm, and we sometimes enclose the paper between two cloths, to give it additional support, and'tokcep the densest matter from contact with the paper.

The paper being thus secured against breakage under the pressure of the fluid, the next requirement was to providefor its easy and rapid introduction into the press, as well as for its-removal when fi'esh paper became necessary. I

For this purpose we make holes in the frames, forming supply-chambers in the perforated diaphragms and in the filtering-cloths, these holes corresponding with short tubes set in holes in the flames, forming the discl'iargearhambers, so that when the whole are placed in juxtaposition, they form supply and discharge-conduits, traversing the press, or depluating-apparatus, from end to end.

By this arrangement we obviate the-.neccssity'of holding the paper by hand until two frames are brought the. bearing-bolts or braces, apart, the papers can'be removed and others substitogethcr, as the above-mentioned tubes, passing through the paper, support it so that it cannot slip fromthe face of the diaphragm, the cloths being car ried in a similar manner, and thus it is only necessary to push the frames together, and brace the whole, to

have the press ready for w0rking,'while, by loosening tuted with the greatestfacility.

Another advantage resulting from this arrangement of the conduits is that we dispense with a multiplicity of cocks and fasteuings. I

Description of the Drawings.

Figure 1, Sheet I, is a side elevation of a filteringpress, or depurating-apperatus, with our improvements applied;

Figure 2, Sheet II, an end view of same, showing supply and discharge-cocks; Figure Sheet 1, long udinal and vertical section through the centre of press;

Figure 4, Sheet III, isometrical view or frame of j supply-chamher, detached;

Figure 5, Sheet IV, similar view of rated diaphragm detached; and

Figure 6, Sheet V, isometrical view of frame of dis charge-chamber, detached.

A A, figs. 1 and 2, cast-iron standards, supporting supported at the other the press, which may also be end when many chambers are used; I

B B, cast-iron frames, forming the two ends of the press;

G0 0, frames forming sup'plymhambers D. D, frames forming discharge-chambers;

E E E E, perforated diaphragms;

j; cock through which the fluid to be depurated is supplied to the apparatus;

g, cock by which the thick unfiltered fluid is drawn 011'; v I

h, fig. 2, cock-by which the de'purated fluid runs off M, holes for the bearing-bolts j and nutsk, fig. 1, by which the chambers are braced together;

I, handle by which the end frame B is drawn along the bearing-bolts, when it is desired to pull the frames apart to renew the paper or cleanse the apparatus;

m, fig. 4, cross-bars strengthening frame 0'. Every additional supply-chamber should be similarly braced,

but this is not needed for the end frames 0 O. as theymay be cast with the ends B B;

01-, opening forming supply-conduit; I o, orifice by which the fluid passes from a into supply-chamber; Y I

o, orifice by which the thick, unfiltered fluid passes to the opening a, which forms its discharge-conduit;

1), opening to form conduit for the depurated fluid y from the discharge-chambers;

and pulling the frames plane, perfu 'papers, and the blue lines the q, figs. 1-, 4, and 6, brackets, by which the frames Q and D are supported on the bearing-bolts j, and forming handles for their ready removal;

r, figs. 1 and 5, brackets or handles for supporting and removing diaphragms;

s s s s, fig. 5, openings for reception of tubes forni iug part of frames 1);

t, fig. 6, tube which forms continuation n of frame 0'; I

t, tube for continuation of conduit 01 t", tube continuing conduit 1),-

u, orifice by which the depurated fluid flows from the discharge-chamber into conduit 1); and

v, diagonal bars for strengthening discharge-chamber and supporting perforated diaphragms E.

The red lines, figs. l and 3, represent the filteringcloths w, interposing between the papers and the diapbragms E, and those, 2:, between the filtering-papers and the fluid to be depnrated.

The dotted lines, figs. 1 and 3, indicate the course of the continuous supply and discharge-comlnits.

y, cloth for making joint.

.The working of this apparatus is as follows:

The fluid to be depurated is introduced by a force of conduit pump, or otherwise, through the cock f into the conduit n, an air-vessel being used to maintain pressure during the strokes of the pump. From the conduit 01-, the fluid passes, by the orifice 0, into the supplychambers G O G, and from thence, through the cloths, filtering-papers, and diaphragms E E E E, into the discharge-chambers D D, where it thus arrives perfectly depurated, running from thence, by the orifice a, into the conduit 1:, and thence, by the outlet-cock h, and so on continuously.

It will be seen that the first and last supply-chambers O (J filter from one side only, but that the cham her 0' filters both right and left, as will every additional chamber which may be added.

Every part of this apparatus being separate, may be removed, for the convenience of cleaning and removing any matter that may have obtained a lodgement.

It need scarcely be observed that the filtering-press or depurating-apparatus, which we have above (18':

scribed, and shown onthe rawing, is simply an illustration of, and given for the better comprehension of our invention, and that we do not limit ourselves to the number, or to the precise combiuationbf chambers therein shown, as these chambers may, if preferred,

be placed horizontally, and be of rectangular, circular.

or any desired form, and the perforated centre of plane diaphragms be obtained by tlieinsertion of wire gauze,

or analogous material in substitution tliefd'ffiifidthe material used in the construcdon of. the various parts of the apparatus may be metal, wood, or other'material, this being dependent upon its particular application.

Having now described the nature of our said inven tion, and in what manner the same may be carried into practical effect, we would have it distinctly understood, that although we deem the use of all the improvements herein described andshown as most conducive to a perfect operation,-yet wedo not absolutely bind ourselves to the entire combination, as our arrangement of plane perforated diaphragms, and the interposition of textile fabrics, cloth, or cloths between the paper and the diaphragm, might be used without the adoption of our method of forming continuous conduits, by simple contact of the frames aiid diaphragms; and, therefore, i y

\Vhat we claim as .our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is'-- 1. Securing tiltering-paperfrom breakage under high pressure, by the use of plane diaphragms and textile fabrics, applied substantially as herein set forth.

2. Forming continuous supply and discharge-conduits, by simple contact of the iiames substantially as described and shown. 1 WM. NEEDHAM.

J. KITE.

' \Vitncsses:

W. E. Gnncn, I

11 Wellington Street, W. 6.,"

London, England. W. M. Gorson, Clerk to 'W. .E. Gedge. 

